Innovation and Imagination Blossom in the Age of Sustainability

At first blush, the scenario seems surreal,At the forefront of research is Dr. Victor C. Li,the E.
counter-intuitive and altogether impossible. A 70-tonBenjamin Wylie Collegiate Professor of Civil and
U.S. Army M1 Abrams Main Battle Tank crossing aEnvironmental Engineering and professor of Materials
bridge constructed entirely of composite plasticScience and Engineering at the University of Michigan,
seems both sheer folly and a recipe for disaster.whose work dates back to 1990. He delivered
The reality is, unlikely though it seems, the world'skeynote addresses on ECC at conferences in South
first such bridge exists at Fort Bragg, NC and the M1Africa last November and Chicago last June.
first rolled over it during a demonstration last"Because ECC maintains all the advantageous
summer. The bridge built of material developed byproperties of normal concrete, but also incorporates
Axion International of New Providence, NJ flexed asmetal-like ductility and self-healing functionality, the
designed and returned to its original position after therange of applications can be greatly expanded too
tank crossed. The long-term implications andmuch beyond what concrete has traditionally been
applications of such technology seem boundless.used for," says Dr. Li, also a senior partner in a small
Proprietary technology developed in consort withconsulting company (LFL & Associates) working to
scientists from Rutgers University is applied tobring the technology to market. "The technology is
non-biodegradable items such as milk jugs, electronicsripe for a variety of commercial applications and
housing and shampoo bottles that usually wind upsome government agencies can help accelerate the
choking landfills. The process involves blending theprocess."
plastics, melting them in an extruder and moldingUnder the watchful eye of the Michigan Department
functional building shapes. The result is an inert,of Transportation, ECC was tested on a patch repair
thermoplastic material that is structurally strongerof a bridge deck in Ann Arbor in 2002 and a link-slab
than other non-structural plastic lumber.for a bridge deck in Ypsilanti in 2005. A 60-story
"By taking plastic that would otherwise wind up inresidential tower completed in Osaka, Japan in 2008
landfills and recycling it into next-generation buildingused ECC in the coupling beams throughout the
materials, Axion is helping to save the environmentbuilding's core.
while creating infrastructure products for bridges thatOTHER PRODUCTS OF NOTE
are strong enough to drive a tank over," proclaimsPaint based on the human skin's healing abilities is
Axion CEO James Kerstein on the corporate website.being developed by researchers from the Fraunhofer
The product resists rot and corrosion, resulting inInstitute for Manufacturing Engineering and
significant maintenance savings, and is both 100Automation IPA in Stuttgart, Germany together with
percent recycled and 100 percentcolleagues from Duisburg-EssenUniversity.
infrastructure-ready. Though not yet code listed byResearchers there are working to perfect
the International Code Council (ICC), theelectroplated layers with embedded nano-capsules
thermoplastics have undergone testing by thefilled with liquid that ruptures when a scratch occurs
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)to spill healing agents into the damaged area.
and can replace wood, steel and concrete in bridgeCelanese Emulsion Polymers rolled out low VOC
structures. Fort Bragg's bridge has a 73-ton rating for(Volatile Organic Compounds), eco-friendly,
tracked vehicles, like tanks, and an 88-ton rating forwaterborne interior paints at Paint India held in
wheeled vehicles.Mumbai in early March. The water-based paint retains
The product is lab and field tested by the U.S. Armyhigh-performance characteristics such as superior wet
Corps of Engineers, military purchasing departments,scrub resistance.
Rutgers, the University of Illinois and the AmericanAs green building moves from trend to mainstream,
Association of Railroading Test Track. Axion'sdesigners and contractors continue to develop
technology has already resulted in the installation ofinnovative ways to do more with the materials at
more than 200,000 railroad crossties across thehand. Rather than being burned, rubber tires are now
United States and can also be used for marine pilings.recycled and used in a variety of ways ranging from
ENGINEERED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITEbackyard mulch to kitchen floor tiles. Demolition
Development of Engineered Cementitious Compositewaste is regularly re-purposed and re-used on
(ECC) - bendable concrete with self-healing propertiesconstruction sites.
- has come in response to concrete's brittleness, lackIt's a brave new world and, as OMNIBUILD LLC
of durability and failure under strain. Initially used tofounder John Mingione told Construction Digital nearly
enhance the safety of buildings in active seismictwo years ago: "It's simple - if you don't get ahead
zones, ECC has applications across the designof this, if you're not in it now, then you're going to
spectrum.get lost in this business.