Death as an Ally - How Shamans Perceive Death

In traditional wisdom and knowledge, life is aancestors, religious or spiritual leaders, the gods, the
continuum that does not end at the moment ofspirit guides, is known as Heaven. The Middle World
death. One of the most important traditional tasks ofhas been simply moulded into meaning our physical
the seer, shaman, medicine man or woman is toworld or Earth, and the Lower World, the traditional
assist people who are either dying or the spirits ofplace of sustenance and nourishment, the home
those who have died to make the transition intowhere the spiritual power of the natural world, the
great domain of consciousness. This body ofplants, animals resides, has become demonised, and
practices is known as Psychopomp, from the Greekrenamed as Hell.
word psychopompos which literally meansThe problem here is that the Lower World has
‘conductor of souls’. In Greek mythology,become demonised, and turned into a travesty of
the god Hermes served as the escort for the deadit’s original meaning and embodiment of the living
into the afterlife. This concept of a guide orforce of the natural world, and has become a very
intermediary between the living and the dead is a‘bad’ place where all the wicked
collective theme found in most religions and(disobedient) people go to suffer eternal damnation,
mythologies.hellfire, and other such terrible punishments. From a
Death and Dyingshamanic and a psychological perspective this has
In shamanism death and birth are closely related tocreated the major problem of separation. By
each other. One of the roles of the shaman is as ademonising the Lower World, the place which holds
midwife of dying, to help, guide, or usher the soul orthe feminine qualities of nurturing, and sustenance,
essence of the dying person into the unity of thewe have as a society managed to disconnect
afterlife. This is the work of the Psychopomp,ourselves from these very attributes. The story of
conductor of souls.the Garden of Eden fundamentally underlies this
There are many ‘cosmographies’ of whereseparation. If we consider the unifying principle of
souls go when they die, each dependent on the‘so above, so below’, we are also looking at
culture and society they originated in. Shamanism isthe cosmography of the human soul.
not a system of belief or faith, it is a system ofWe have also lost along the expressway to modern
knowledge, and is directly experienced first hand bycivilisation this concept of the transition of the human
the senses. The world that Shamans work in is not asoul from the physical world into the great realms of
consensus reality, i.e. what we have agreed is reality.existence. People who die in sudden death , accident
The Shaman sees i.e. experiences with all the senses,, confused , unhappy, drugged , people who lack
and is the mediator between the everyday physicalpower, murdered, killed in war, often disappear in the
world and an alternate reality. The roots ofMiddle World, and may be unable to make their
shamanism pre-date recorded history. The earliesttransition , or not have an awareness of where and
findings date back over 40,000 years. Shamanism iswho they are. The work of the conductor of souls is
the ancestral mother of the human spiritualto help these deceased individuals make that journey.
experience.The shaman would embark on a spirit journey, to
In the great panorama of creation, many culturesfind the person who had died in unfortunate
have structured and formed a navigablecircumstances such as an accidental death. They
cosmography. The shaman navigates and journeys inwould start from the place that the person died, and
a cosmos experienced as three great realmsin their trance vision of expanded awareness spiral
revolving around a great axis, known as the greatoutwards in concentric circles to find them. Once
tree, or axis mundi. They are known as the, Upperlocated, it is then the work of the shaman to help
World, Lower World, and Middle Worlds. Central to allthem make that transition to another place, and be
these realms is the Axis Mundi, which is the centralwelcomed and re-united with loved ones.
axis which connects these three realms.This is Psychopomp work, helping the deceased to
These realms have been structured and implementedanother world. There is an enormous fear of death in
in ways relevant to our culture and the world we liveour society, and a renewed interest in this kind of
in. These three worlds have been renamed but arework could provide re-assurance to those who are
still present; The Upper World, the realm of ourdying, and their loved ones.